Nā motika stepperʻO nā mea hoʻoneʻe discrete me ka uku haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā kaʻa servo he mau mea e hoʻohuli ai i ka ikehu mechanical a me ka uila. ʻO kahi kaʻa e hoʻololi i ka ikehu mechanical i ka ikehu uila ua kapa ʻia he "generator"; ʻO ke kaʻa e hoʻololi i ka ikehu uila i ka ikehu mechanical ua kapa ʻia he "motor". ʻO nā kaʻa stepper a me nā kaʻa servo nā huahana kaohi e hiki ke ʻimi pololei i ka neʻe ʻana o nā lako automation a me ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā lako automation.
ʻEkolu ʻano o ka stepper motor rotor: reactive (VR type), permanent magnet (PM type) a hybrid (HB type). 1) Reactive (ʻano VR): nā mea hana me nā niho rotor. 2) Manakene mau (PM type): rotor me ka magnet mau. 3) Hybrid (ʻano HB): nā mea hana me ka magnet mau a me nā niho rotor. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kaʻa stepper e like me nā wili ma ka stator: aia ʻelua-phase, ʻekolu-phase a me ʻelima-phase series. ʻO nā kaʻa me nā stators ʻelua e lilo i mau ʻāpana ʻelua a ʻo ka poʻe me nā stators ʻelima ua kapa ʻia nā motika ʻelima. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana a me ke kuʻi ʻana i kahi kaʻa stepper, ʻoi aku ka pololei.
Hiki i nā motika HB ke hoʻokō pololei i ka neʻe ʻana i ka neʻe liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pono nā kaʻa PM i ka pololei mana kiʻekiʻe.Nā kaʻa HBhiki ke hoʻokō i nā koi hoʻokele laina laina paʻakikī. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kaʻa PM i ka torque a me ka leo, maʻamau ʻaʻole koi i ka pololei mana kiʻekiʻe, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai. ʻOihana: mīkini lole lole, ʻeke meaʻai. Ma ke ʻano o ke kaʻina hana a me ka pololei o ka mana kaʻa,HB stepper motorsʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā kaʻa stepper PM.
ʻO nā kaʻa stepper a me nā kaʻa servo nā huahana hoʻokele neʻe, akā ʻokoʻa i kā lākou hana huahana. ʻO ke kaʻa stepper he mea hoʻoneʻe ʻokoʻa e loaʻa i kahi kauoha a hoʻokō i kahi ʻanuʻu. Hoʻololi nā kaʻa stepper i ka hōʻailona pulse hoʻokomo i kahi neʻe angular. Ke loaʻa i ka mea hoʻokele kaʻa stepper ka hōʻailona pulse, e hoʻohuli ʻo ia i ke kaʻa stepper e hoʻololi i kahi kihi paʻa i ka ʻaoʻao i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. ʻO ka motika servo he ʻōnaehana servo kahi e hoʻololi ʻia ai nā hōʻailona uila i torque a me ka wikiwiki e hoʻokele i kahi mea mana, hiki ke hoʻokele i ka wikiwiki a me ka pololei o ke kūlana.
✓ ʻOkoʻa loa nā kaʻa stepper, nā mīkini servo i nā ʻano o nā hiʻohiʻona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, nā hiʻohiʻona o ka manawa a me ka mana overload:.
Manaʻo pololei: ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pae a me nā lālani o nā kaʻa stepper, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pololei; ʻO ka pololei o ka mana o ka AC servo motors e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻia e ka rotary encoder ma ka hope hope o ka pahu kaʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā unahi encoder, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pololei.
✓ ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kaʻa stepper i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻo kēia ʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i hoʻoholo ʻia e ke kumu hana o nā kaʻa stepper e hōʻino i ka hana maʻamau o ka mīkini, a maʻamau e hoʻohana i ka ʻenehana damping e lanakila ai i ke ʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa; Loaʻa i nā ʻōnaehana AC servo ka hana resonance suppression, hiki ke uhi i ka nele o ka rigidity o ka mīkini. He maʻalahi loa ka hana ʻana a ʻaʻohe hanana haʻalulu e hiki mai ana me ka wikiwiki haʻahaʻa.
✓ ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona ʻo Torque-frequency: ke emi nei ka torque output o nā kaʻa stepper me ka piʻi ʻana o ka wikiwiki, no laila ʻo ka wikiwiki o ka hana ʻana he 300-600RPM; Hiki i nā mīkini servo ke hoʻopuka i ka torque i helu ʻia a hiki i ka wikiwiki i helu ʻia (maʻamau 2000-3000RPM), a ʻo ka wikiwiki i helu ʻia ka mana mau.
✓ Hiki ke hoʻonui: ʻaʻole hiki i nā kaʻa stepper ke hoʻonui i ka mana; Loaʻa i nā mīkini servo ka mana overload ikaika.
✓ Ka hana pane: lawe nā kaʻa stepper i ka 200-400 ms e hoʻokē ai mai ke kū ʻana a hiki i ka wikiwiki hana (he mau haneli hoʻololi i kēlā me kēia minuke); ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokō ʻana o ka AC servo a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā kūlana hoʻomalu e koi ana i ka hoʻomaka wikiwiki / hoʻomaha. ʻO ka Panasonic MASA 400W AC servo, no ka laʻana, e hoʻolalelale ana mai ke kūpaʻa a hiki i kona wikiwiki helu o 3000RPM i loko o nā milliseconds wale nō.
ʻO ka hana hana: ʻo nā kaʻa stepper e hoʻomalu ʻia, a hiki i ka neʻe ʻana a i ʻole ke kāohi ʻana i ka wā i kiʻekiʻe loa ka alapine hoʻomaka a i ʻole ka nui o ka ukana, a e hoʻopau i ka wā kiʻekiʻe ka wikiwiki i ka wā e kū ai; Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka AC servo, a hiki i ka mea hoʻokele ke hoʻohālikelike pololei i ka hōʻailona manaʻo encoder encoder, no laila, ʻaʻohe mea i nalowale a i ʻole overshoot o ka stepper motor, a ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi o ka hana mana.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka AC servo ma mua o ka stepper motor ma ke ʻano o ka hana, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mīkini stepper no ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka AC servo ma mua o nā kaʻa stepper e pili ana i ka wikiwiki o ka pane, ka nui o ka nui a me ka hana holo ʻana, akā hoʻohana ʻia nā kaʻa stepper i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona liʻiliʻi ma muli o kā lākou uku-hana pono. Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana paʻa-loop, hiki i nā mīkini stepper pani pani ke hāʻawi i ka pololei a me ka maikaʻi, hiki ke hoʻokō i kekahi o ka hana o nā kaʻa servo, akā loaʻa nō hoʻi ka pōmaikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa.
E nānā i mua a kau i nā wahi e puka mai ana. Ua hoʻololi ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā noi stepper motor, me ka mākeke kuʻuna i hiki i ka saturation a me nā ʻoihana hou. ʻO ka mana o ka hui a me nā huahana ʻōnaehana hoʻokele i waiho hohonu ʻia i loko o nā mea lapaʻau, nā robots lawelawe, ʻenehana ʻenehana, ʻike a me ka kamaʻilio, palekana a me nā ʻoihana e kū mai ana, ʻo ia ka mea no ka hapa nui o ka ʻoihana holoʻokoʻa a ke ulu nei i ka wikiwiki. ʻO ka noi no nā kaʻa stepper e pili ana i ka hoʻokele waiwai, ka ʻenehana, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka automation ʻoihana a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana o nā kaʻa stepper iā lākou iho. Ua hōʻea ka mākeke i ka saturation i nā ʻoihana kuʻuna e like me ka automation o ke keʻena, nā kiʻi kamepiula a me nā mea hana hale, ʻoiai ke hoʻomau nei nā ʻoihana hou, e like me ka paʻi 3D, ka mana o ka lā, nā mea lapaʻau a me nā noi automotive.
| Māhele | Nā noi kikoʻī |
| ʻOkoʻa keʻena | ʻO nā mea paʻi, nā scanner, nā kope, nā MFP, a pēlā aku. |
| Kukui kahua | Ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao māmā, ka nānā ʻana, ka neʻe ʻana o ke kala, ka mana wahi, nā hopena kukui, etc. |
| Panakō | ʻO nā mīkini ATM, ka paʻi pila, ka hana kāleka panakō, nā mīkini helu kālā, etc. |
| Lapaau | ʻO ka CT scanner, ka mea nānā hematology, ka mea nānā biochemistry, etc. |
| ʻOihana | ʻO nā mīkini lole, nā mīkini pahu, nā robots, nā mea lawe, nā laina hui, nā mīkini hoʻokomo, etc. |
| Kūkākūkā | ʻO ka hōʻailona hōʻailona, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā antenna mobile, etc. |
| Palekana | Ka hoʻomalu ʻana i nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi. |
| Kaʻa kaʻa | ʻAla/gas valve control, ʻōnaehana hoʻokele māmā. |
Emerging Industry 1: Ke hoʻomau nei ka paʻi 3D i nā holomua i ka ʻenehana R&D a hoʻonui i nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi ma lalo, me nā mākeke kūloko a me ka honua e ulu ana ma kahi o 30%. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka paʻi 3D ma luna o nā hiʻohiʻona kikohoʻe, hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea waiwai ma ka papa e hana i nā mea kino. He mea koʻikoʻi ka motika ma ka mīkini paʻi 3D, pili ka pololei o ka mīkini i ka hopena o ka paʻi 3D, maʻamau ka paʻi 3D me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā motika stepper. 2019, ka pālākiō ʻoihana paʻi 3D honua o $12 biliona, kahi hoʻonui o 30% makahiki-ma-makahiki;
ʻO ka ʻoihana e puka mai ana 2: Hoʻohana ʻia nā robots mobile i ka kamepiula, me nā hana e like me ka neʻe ʻana, ka hoʻokele aunoa, ka mana multi-sensor, ka launa pūnaewele, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā kaʻa stepper i ka module drive o nā robots mobile, a ua ʻākoakoa ʻia ka hale kaʻa nui mai nā kaʻa kaʻa a me nā mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa (gearboxes). ʻOiai ua hoʻomaka ʻia ka ʻoihana ʻenehana ʻoihana kūloko i ka wā i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā ʻāina ʻē, aia ma mua o nā ʻāina ʻē i ke kahua o nā robots mobile. I kēia manawa, hana nui ʻia nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o nā robots mobile, a ua hōʻea nā ʻoihana kūloko i nā koi kūpono i nā ʻano āpau, a he liʻiliʻi nā ʻoihana hoʻokūkū haole.
ʻO ka nui o ka mākeke robot mobile o Kina ma kahi o $ 6.2 biliona ma 2019, e piʻi ana he 45% i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hoʻomaka ka honua o nā robots hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻoihana me ka piʻi nui o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono. ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka "roboa lua" ma 2018 ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka robot humanoid. ʻO ka "roboa lua" he robot hoʻoheheʻe kūʻai naʻauao me nā mea ʻike he nui e ʻike i nā pilikia, nā alapiʻi a me nā neʻe kanaka. Hiki iā ia ke holo no ʻekolu hola ma ka uku hoʻokahi a hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hiki i 1,500 mika square. Hiki i ka "roboa lua" ke hoʻololi i ka hapa nui o nā limahana hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kēlā me kēia lā a hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pinepine o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe e kū nei.
Ke ulu nei ʻoihana 3: Me ka hoʻokomo ʻana o 5G, ke hoʻonui nei ka nui o nā antennas no nā kahua kahua kamaʻilio a ke hoʻonui nei ka nui o nā kaʻa e pono ai. Ma keʻano laulā, koi ʻia nā antenna 3 no nā kahua kahua kamaʻilio maʻamau, 4-6 antennas no nā kahua kahua 4G, a me ka hoʻonui hou ʻana i ka helu o nā kahua kahua a me nā antenna no nā noi 5G no ka mea e pono ai lākou e uhi i ka kamaʻilio kelepona kelepona kahiko a me nā noi kamaʻilio IoT. ʻO nā huahana kaʻa kaʻa me nā ʻāpana gearbox e lilo i mea hoʻomohala maʻamau no nā mea kanu antenna base station. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi kaʻa mana me ka pahu pahu no kēlā me kēia antenna ESC.
Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā kahua kahua 4G e 1.72 miliona ma 2019, a manaʻo ʻia ke kūkulu ʻana ʻo 5G e wehe i kahi pōʻai hou. I ka makahiki 2019, ua hōʻea ka nui o nā kikowaena kelepona kelepona ma Kina i 8.41 miliona, a ʻo 5.44 miliona mau kahua kahua 4G, ʻo 65%. 2019, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā kahua kahua 4G hou e 1.72 miliona, ʻo ka hapa nui loa mai ka makahiki 2015, ma muli o 1) ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka pūnaewele e uhi i nā wahi makapō ma nā kuaʻāina. 2) E hoʻonui ʻia ka mana nui o ka pūnaewele e hoʻokumu i ke kumu no ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pūnaewele 5G. E hoʻopuka ʻia ka laikini kalepa 5G o Kina i Iune 2019, a ma Mei 2020, e wehe ʻia ma mua o 250,000 5G base station ma ka ʻāina.
ʻOihana 5: ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona noi nui no nā kaʻa stepper a ʻo ia kekahi o nā māhele a Vic-Tech i komo nui ai. Nui nā mea hana lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohana i nā kaʻa servo e hoʻokō i nā koi kūpono, akā no ka mea ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka waiwai a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā kaʻa stepper ma mua o nā servos, a hiki i ka pololei ke hoʻokō i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻohana ʻia nā motika stepper i ka ʻoihana hana lāʻau lapaʻau a hiki ke hoʻololi i kekahi mau kaʻa servo.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-19-2023